[wordup] Try the African art of 'beeping'

[Adam Shand]

 From the title I thought that blue boxing had resurfaced :-)   But  
no, this is just a newer twist on the same thing we'd do with public  
phones when I was a kid (back in the days when people didn't have  
voice mail and pay phones didn't charge you unless someone answered).

I thought the bottom of the article about the social rules of beeping  
are more interesting.

Adam.

From: http://www.nzherald.co.nz/section/story.cfm? 
c_id=5&objectid=10466032&pnum=0

Phone credit low? Try the African art of 'beeping'
2:19PM Wednesday September 26, 2007
By Andrew Heavens

'Beeping' or calling someone and hanging up before they answer, so  
they'll call back, accounts for up to 30 per cent of African calls.  
Photo / Reuters

KHARTOUM - If you are in Sudan it is a "missed call." In Ethiopia it  
is a "miskin" or a "pitiful" call. In other parts of Africa it is a  
case of "flashing," "beeping" or in French-speaking areas "bipage."

Wherever you are, it is one of the fastest-growing phenomena in the  
continent's booming mobile telephone markets - and it's a headache  
for mobile operators who are trying to figure out how to make some  
money out of it.

You beep someone when you call them up on their mobile phone -  
setting its display screen briefly flashing - then hang up half a  
second later, before they have had a chance to answer. Your friend -  
you hope - sees your name and number on their list of "Missed Calls"  
and calls you back at his or her expense.

It is a tactic born out of ingenuity and necessity, say analysts who  
have tracked an explosion in miskin calls by cash-strapped cellphone  
users from Cape Town to Cairo.

"Its roots are as a strategy to save money," said Jonathan Donner, an  
India-based researcher for Microsoft who is due to publish a paper on  
"The Rules of Beeping" in the high-brow online Journal of Computer  
Mediated Communication in October.

Donner first came across beeping in Rwanda, then tracked it across  
the continent and beyond, to south and southeast Asia. Studies quoted  
in his paper estimate between 20 to more than 30 per cent of the  
calls made in Africa are just split-second flashes - empty appeals  
across the cellular network.

The beeping boom is being driven by a sharp rise in mobile phone use  
across the continent.

Africa had an estimated 192.5 million mobile phone users in 2006, up  
from just 25.3 million in 2001, according to figures from the U.N.'s  
International Telecommunication Union. Customers may have enough  
money for the one-off purchase of a handset, but very little ready  
cash to spend on phone cards for the prepaid accounts that dominate  
the market.

Africa's mobile phone companies say the practice has become so  
widespread they have had to step in to prevent their circuits being  
swamped by second-long calls.

"We have about 355 million calls across the whole network every day,"  
said Faisal Ijaz Khan, chief marketing officer for the Sudanese arm  
of Kuwaiti mobile phone operator Zain (formerly MTC). "And then there  
are another 130 million missed calls every day. There are a lot of  
missed calls in Africa."

Call me back

Zain is responding to the demand by drawing up plans for a "Call-me- 
back" service in Sudan, letting customers send open requests in the  
form of a very basic signal to friends for a phone call.

The main advantage for the company is that the requests will be  
diverted from the main network and pushed through using a much  
cheaper technology (USSD or Unstructured Supplementary Service Data).

A handful of similar schemes are springing up across Africa, says  
Informa principal analyst Devine Kofiloto. "It is widespread. It is a  
concern for operators in African countries, whose networks become  
congested depending on the time of day with calls they cannot bill for.

"They try to discourage the practice by introducing services where  
customers can send a limited number of 'call-back' request either  
free of charge or for a minimum fee."

There are plenty of other reasons why mobile operators are keen to  
cut down on the practice. One is it annoys customers, pestered by  
repeated missed calls.

A second is that 'flashes' eat into one of mobile phone companies'  
favourite performance indicators - ARPU or average revenue per user.  
Miscalls earn very little in themselves - and don't always persuade  
the target to ring back.

Orange Senegal, Kofiloto said, lets customers send a 'Rappelle  
moi' ('Call me back') when their phone credit drops below $0.10. With  
Safaricom Kenya, it is a "Flashback 130" (limited to five a day - and  
with the admonishment 'Stop Flashing! Ask Nicely'). Vodacom DR  
Congo's 'Rappelez moi SVP' service costs $0.01 a message.

More than money

But beeping is not only about money. Donner's 'Rules of Beeping'  
suggests a social protocol for the practice.

"The richer guy pays," he writes. It is acceptable to beep someone if  
you are short of cash and they are flush with credit. Never beep  
someone poorer than you.

Never beep someone you are tapping for a favour. You don't want to  
risk annoying the person you are trying to win over. Never flash your  
girlfriend, unless you want to look cheap.

"Most beeps are requests to the mobile owner to call back  
immediately, but can also send a pre-negotiated instrumental message  
such as pick me up now,' or send a relational sign, such as I'm  
thinking of you,"' the paper says.

It can go even further than that.

Cameroonian researchers Victor W.A. Mbarika and Irene Mbarika  
identified a different kind of beeping-powered relational call in a  
study for the technology association the Institute of Electrical and  
Electronics Engineers (IEEE).

"Lovers often communicate with text messages or beeping'," said the  
study. "One party dials another's number and then hangs up. One ring  
could mean, I am here,' two rings, Call me now."'

And the name they gave this new entry in the beeping lexicon?  
Borrowing a street slang term for an appeal for sex, they christened  
it "the booty call."

- REUTERS