<html><head><base href="http://www.instapaper.com/text?u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dailymail.co.uk%2Fnews%2Farticle-2149899%2FThe-American-West-youve-seen-Amazing-19th-century-pictures-landscape-chartered-time.html">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0, user-scalable=no, minimum-scale=1.0, maximum-scale=1.0">
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<meta name="robots" content="noindex">
<link rel="icon" href="/images/favicon.png">
<!--[if lt IE 9]>
<script src="http://html5shim.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/html5.js"></script>
<![endif]-->
<script src="/javascript/jquery-1.7.1.min.js"></script><style type="text/css"></style>
<style type="text/css">
body {
font-family: Verdana, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;
font-size: 15px;
word-wrap: break-word;
margin: 90px auto 0px auto;
padding-bottom: 100px; /* pagination buffer */
position: relative;
}
h1 { font-size: 1.2em; font-weight: normal; }
h2 { font-size: 1.15em; }
#titlebar {
direction: ltr;
}
#titlebar h1 {
color: #000;
font-size: 24px;
font-weight: normal;
font-family: Georgia, serif;
padding-bottom: 0;
margin-bottom: 0;
text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;
}
body.ipad #titlebar h1 {
font-size: 26px;
}
#footer {
direction: ltr;
border-top: 1px solid #aaa;
margin-bottom: 20px;
}
#fin {
text-align: center;
color: #888;
font-size: 14px;
margin-top: 48px;
}
body.ipad #fin {
font-size: 18px;
margin-top: 96px;
}
img { border: 0; }
#story img { display: block; margin: 0.5em auto; max-width: 100%; }
#ipfootnotes { display: none; }
.ipfootnote_ref {
display: inline-block;
background-image: url('/images/footnote-ref.png');
background-size: 1.8em 1.0em;
width: 1.8em;
height: 1em;
margin: 0 0.2em;
vertical-align: -0.1em;
background-repeat: no-repeat;
}
.ipfootnote_ref:after {
content: counter;
}
a.original, a.original:visited, a.original:active {
text-decoration: none;
color: #555;
}
.orig_line {
font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif;
color: #888;
font-size: 14px;
}
.orig_line img {
vertical-align: -2px;
}
.orig_line .author {
font-weight: bold;
}
.orig_line .byline_divider {
padding: 0 0.25em;
}
pre, code { overflow: scroll; }
#story {
clear: both;
overflow: hidden;
margin-bottom: 40px;
direction: ltr;
}
#story div {
margin: 1em 0;
}
blockquote {
border-top: 1px solid #bbb;
border-bottom: 1px solid #bbb;
margin: 1.5em 0;
padding: 0.5em 0;
}
blockquote.short { font-style: italic; padding: 0 1em; border-top: 0; border-bottom: 0; }
body.ipad blockquote.short { padding: 0 2em; }
pre { white-space: pre-wrap; }
sup, sub {
height: 0;
line-height: 1;
vertical-align: baseline;
}
ul.bodytext, ol.bodytext {
list-style: none;
margin-left: 0;
padding-left: 0em;
}
.popover {
position: absolute;
top: 0;
left: 0;
width: 200px;
max-height: 280px;
overflow: scroll;
border-radius: 12px;
background-color: #fafafa;
color: #3F3F3F;
padding: 18px;
border: 3px solid #606060;
box-shadow: 0 5px 20px 7px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);
z-index: 1300;
}
.popover > :first-child { margin-top: 0; padding-top: 0; }
.popover > :last-child { margin-bottom: 0; padding-bottom: 0; }
#controlbar_container {
position: fixed;
top: 0;
left: 0;
width: 100%;
z-index: 1337;
background-color: #f8f8f8;
background-image: -webkit-linear-gradient(#f8f8f8, #eaeaea);
border-bottom: 1px solid #aaa;
box-shadow: 0 0 2px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
height: 40px;
}
#controlbar {
margin: 0 auto;
font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;
-webkit-text-size-adjust: none;
}
#controlbar #left_buttons, #controlbar #right_buttons { width: 210px; }
#controlbar #left_buttons {
float: left;
}
#controlbar #right_buttons {
float: right;
text-align: right;
}
.logged_out #controlbar #left_buttons, .logged_out #controlbar #right_buttons { width: 150px; }
#controlbar a,
#controlbar a:visited,
#controlbar a:active {
display: inline-block;
position: relative;
color: #555;
border-left: 1px solid #ccc;
border-right: 1px solid #ccc;
text-decoration: none;
height: 29px;
text-align: center;
margin: 0;
min-width: 35px;
padding-left: 15px;
padding-right: 15px;
padding-top: 11px;
}
#controlbar #title_label {
text-align: center;
font-size: 12px;
padding-top: 13px;
color: #555;
overflow: hidden;
text-overflow: ellipsis;
white-space: nowrap;
}
#controlbar #title_label a,
#controlbar #title_label a:visited,
#controlbar #title_label a:active {
display: inline;
position: static;
height: auto;
padding: 0;
border: 0;
margin: 0;
}
#controlbar.hover_capable a.textbutton:hover {
background-color: #e0e0e0;
background-image: -webkit-linear-gradient(#e8e8e8, #d8d8d8);
}
#controlbar a.promobutton,
#controlbar a.promobutton:visited,
#controlbar a.promobutton:active {
background-image: url('/images/icon4-58-stroked.png');
background-size: 31px 31px;
background-repeat: no-repeat;
background-position: 5px 50%;
}
#controlbar.hover_capable a.promobutton:hover {
background-color: #e0e0e0;
background-image: url('/images/icon4-58-stroked.png'), -webkit-linear-gradient(#e8e8e8, #d8d8d8);
background-size: 31px 31px, cover;
}
#controlbar .promotext { padding-left: 28px; }
#controlbar a.archivebutton,
#controlbar a.archivebutton:visited,
#controlbar a.archivebutton:active {
background-image: url('/images/icon_archive.png');
background-repeat: no-repeat;
background-position: center;
background-size: 21px 24px;
}
#controlbar.hover_capable a.archivebutton:hover {
background-color: #e0e0e0;
background-image: url('/images/icon_archive.png'), -webkit-linear-gradient(#e8e8e8, #d8d8d8);
background-size: 21px 24px, cover;
}
#controlbar a.likebutton,
#controlbar a.likebutton:visited,
#controlbar a.likebutton:active {
background-image: url('/images/icon_like_off.png');
background-repeat: no-repeat;
background-position: center;
background-size: 22px 19px;
}
#controlbar.hover_capable a.likebutton:hover {
background-color: #e0e0e0;
background-image: url('/images/icon_like_off.png'), -webkit-linear-gradient(#e8e8e8, #d8d8d8);
background-size: 22px 19px, cover;
}
#controlbar a.unlikebutton,
#controlbar a.unlikebutton:visited,
#controlbar a.unlikebutton:active {
background-image: url('/images/icon_like_on.png');
background-repeat: no-repeat;
background-position: center;
background-size: 22px 19px;
}
#controlbar.hover_capable a.unlikebutton:hover {
background-color: #e0e0e0;
background-image: url('/images/icon_like_on.png'), -webkit-linear-gradient(#e8e8e8, #d8d8d8);
background-size: 22px 19px, cover;
}
#controlbar a.textcontrolsbutton,
#controlbar a.textcontrolsbutton:visited,
#controlbar a.textcontrolsbutton:active {
background-image: url('/images/icon_textcontrols.png');
background-repeat: no-repeat;
background-position: center;
background-size: 28px 26px;
}
#controlbar.hover_capable a.textcontrolsbutton:hover {
background-color: #e0e0e0;
background-image: url('/images/icon_textcontrols.png'), -webkit-linear-gradient(#e8e8e8, #d8d8d8);
background-size: 28px 26px, cover;
}
#controlbar a.actionsbutton,
#controlbar a.actionsbutton:visited,
#controlbar a.actionsbutton:active {
background-image: url('/images/icon_actions.png');
background-repeat: no-repeat;
background-position: center;
background-size: 23px 18px;
}
#controlbar.hover_capable a.actionsbutton:hover {
background-color: #e0e0e0;
background-image: url('/images/icon_actions.png'), -webkit-linear-gradient(#e8e8e8, #d8d8d8);
background-size: 23px 18px, cover;
}
#controlbar #left_buttons a,
#controlbar #left_buttons a:visited,
#controlbar #left_buttons a:active {
border-left: 0;
}
#controlbar #right_buttons a,
#controlbar #right_buttons a:visited,
#controlbar #right_buttons a:active {
border-right: 0;
}
#controlbar #origbutton {
font-size: 20px;
padding-top: 6px;
}
.dropmenu {
display: none;
position: absolute;
top: 100%;
width: 200px;
z-index: 1336;
background-color: #fafafa;
color: #3F3F3F;
padding: 10px;
border: 1px solid #888;
box-shadow: 0 2px 2px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
font-size: 18px;
border-bottom-left-radius: 8px;
border-bottom-right-radius: 8px;
}
#controlbar #left_buttons .dropmenu { left: -1px; }
#controlbar #right_buttons .dropmenu { right: -1px; }
.dropmenu .menugroup, .dropmenu .buttongrid {
margin: 10px 0;
}
.dropmenu .menugroup {
border: 2px solid #ccc;
border-radius: 8px;
}
.dropmenu .menugroup:first-child, .dropmenu .buttongrid:first-child { margin-top: 0; }
.dropmenu .menugroup:last-child, .dropmenu .buttongrid:last-child { margin-bottom: 0; }
.dropmenu .buttongrid .button {
display: inline-block;
text-align: center;
padding: 5px 0;
border: 5px solid #eee;
margin: 0 2%;
}
.dropmenu .buttongrid .button:first-child { margin-left: 0; }
.dropmenu .buttongrid .button:last-child { margin-right: 0; }
.dropmenu .buttongrid3 .button { width: 26%; }
.dropmenu .buttongrid2 .button { width: 43%; }
/* selected buttons */
body.darkmode .dropmenu .buttongrid .darkmodebutton,
body.lightmode .dropmenu .buttongrid .lightmodebutton,
body.sepiamode .dropmenu .buttongrid .sepiamodebutton,
body.georgiamode .dropmenu .buttongrid .georgiamodebutton,
body.verdanamode .dropmenu .buttongrid .verdanamodebutton,
body.helveticamode .dropmenu .buttongrid .helveticamodebutton,
body.narrowmode .dropmenu .buttongrid .narrowmodebutton,
body.medwidthmode .dropmenu .buttongrid .medwidthmodebutton,
body.widemode .dropmenu .buttongrid .widemodebutton
{ border: 5px solid #555; }
.dropmenu .menugroup .button:first-child {
border-top-left-radius: 5px;
border-top-right-radius: 5px;
}
.dropmenu .menugroup .button:last-child {
border-bottom-left-radius: 5px;
border-bottom-right-radius: 5px;
}
.hover_capable .dropmenu .buttongroup .button:hover,
.hover_capable .dropmenu .menugroup .button:hover {
background-color: #ccc;
}
.dropmenu .menugroup .button {
padding: 10px;
background-color: #f8f8f8;
}
.textcontrolsmenu { width: 248px; }
.dropmenu .columnwidthbuttons .button { line-height: 6px; padding-top: 0; padding-bottom: 11px; }
/* user style */
body { max-width: 625px; }
#story, #titlebar h1, .popover { font-family: Georgia, serif; }
#story, .popover {
font-size: 16px;
line-height: 1.5;
}
#story, #titlebar, #footer { margin-left: 10px; margin-right: 10px; }
body { color: #222; background-color: #f4f4f4; }
a, a:visited, a:active { color: #5454AA; }
/* 320-pixel layout for iPhone-sized screens */
@media (max-width: 580px) {
body {
margin-top: 60px;
}
#titlebar h1 {
font-size: 20px;
}
#controlbar_container {
height: 34px;
position: absolute;
top: -60px;
}
#controlbar a.promobutton {
padding-right: 7px;
}
#controlbar #backbutton, #controlbar .promotext
{ display: none; }
#controlbar #left_buttons { width: 55px; }
#controlbar #right_buttons { width: 155px; }
.logged_out #controlbar #left_buttons { width: 50px; }
.logged_out #controlbar #right_buttons { width: 57px; }
#controlbar a,
#controlbar a:visited,
#controlbar a:active {
min-width: 20px;
padding-top: 4px;
height: 30px;
}
#controlbar #title_label {
padding-top: 10px;
}
.dropmenu .columnwidthbuttons { display: none; }
.dropmenu .colormodebuttons { margin-bottom: 0; }
}
/* printer-friendly */
@media print {
#controlbar_container, #fin { display: none; }
body { margin-top: 0; }
#ipfootnotes {
display: block;
border-top: 1pt solid #000;
margin-top: 3em;
padding-top: 1em;
}
#ipfootnotes:before { content: "Footnotes:"; }
.ipfootnote_ref {
display: inline;
width: auto;
height: auto;
background: none;
}
}
/* size modes */
body.size1mode #story, body.size1mode .popover { font-size: 11px; }
body.size2mode #story, body.size2mode .popover { font-size: 14px; }
body.size3mode #story, body.size3mode .popover { font-size: 16px; }
body.size4mode #story, body.size4mode .popover { font-size: 18px; }
body.size5mode #story, body.size5mode .popover { font-size: 22px; }
body.size6mode #story, body.size6mode .popover { font-size: 28px; }
body.size7mode #story, body.size7mode .popover { font-size: 36px; }
/* font modes */
body.georgiamode #titlebar h1, body.georgiamode #story, body.georgiamode .popover { font-family: Georgia, Times, serif; }
body.georgiamode #story { line-height: 1.5; }
body.verdanamode #titlebar h1, body.verdanamode #story, body.verdanamode .popover { font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; }
body.verdanamode #story { line-height: 1.64; }
body.helveticamode #titlebar h1, body.helveticamode #story, body.helveticamode .popover { font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; }
body.helveticamode #story { line-height: 1.5; }
/* width modes */
body.narrowmode { max-width: 480px; }
body.medwidthmode { max-width: 625px; }
body.widemode { max-width: 900px; }
/* sepia mode */
body.sepiamode, body.sepiamode #titlebar h1 {
background-color: #f7f2e6; color: #403929;
}
body.sepiamode a, body.sepiamode a:visited, body.sepiamode a:active { color: #665733; }
body.sepiamode .popover {
background-color: #faf7f0;
color: #403929;
}
body.sepiamode #controlbar_container {
background-color: #f7f2e6;
background-image: -webkit-linear-gradient(#f7f2e6, #ebe6da);
border-bottom: 1px solid #aba79f;
}
body.sepiamode #controlbar.hover_capable a.promobutton { opacity: 0.75; }
body.sepiamode #controlbar.hover_capable a.promobutton:hover {
background-color: #e8e3d8;
background-image: url('/images/icon4-58-stroked.png'), -webkit-linear-gradient(#e8e3d8, #d9d4ca);
}
body.sepiamode #controlbar.hover_capable a.textbutton:hover {
background-color: #e8e3d8;
background-image: -webkit-linear-gradient(#e8e3d8, #d9d4ca);
}
body.sepiamode #controlbar.hover_capable a.archivebutton:hover {
background-color: #e8e3d8;
background-image: url('/images/icon_archive.png'), -webkit-linear-gradient(#e8e3d8, #d9d4ca);
}
body.sepiamode #controlbar.hover_capable a.likebutton:hover {
background-color: #e8e3d8;
background-image: url('/images/icon_like_off.png'), -webkit-linear-gradient(#e8e3d8, #d9d4ca);
}
body.sepiamode #controlbar.hover_capable a.unlikebutton:hover {
background-color: #e8e3d8;
background-image: url('/images/icon_like_on.png'), -webkit-linear-gradient(#e8e3d8, #d9d4ca);
}
body.sepiamode #controlbar.hover_capable a.textcontrolsbutton:hover {
background-color: #e8e3d8;
background-image: url('/images/icon_textcontrols.png'), -webkit-linear-gradient(#e8e3d8, #d9d4ca);
}
body.sepiamode #controlbar.hover_capable a.actionsbutton:hover {
background-color: #e8e3d8;
background-image: url('/images/icon_actions.png'), -webkit-linear-gradient(#e8e3d8, #d9d4ca);
}
/* dark mode */
body.darkmode, body.darkmode #titlebar h1 {
background-color: #131313;
color: #878787;
}
body.darkmode .popover {
background-color: #333;
color: #E5E5E5;
}
body.darkmode a, body.darkmode a:visited, body.darkmode a:active { color: #BABACC; }
body.darkmode #story img { opacity: 0.2; -webkit-transition: opacity 0.25s linear; }
body.darkmode #story img:hover { opacity: 1.0; }
body.darkmode #controlbar_container {
background-color: #333;
background-image: -webkit-linear-gradient(#222, #131313);
border-bottom: 1px solid #555;
}
body.darkmode #controlbar #title_label { color: #777; }
body.darkmode #controlbar a,
body.darkmode #controlbar a:visited,
body.darkmode #controlbar a:active {
color: #777;
border-left: 1px solid #555;
border-right: 1px solid #555;
}
body.darkmode #controlbar.hover_capable a.promobutton { opacity: 0.75; }
body.darkmode #controlbar.hover_capable a.promobutton:hover {
background-image: url('/images/icon4-58-stroked.png'), -webkit-linear-gradient(#888, #777);
}
body.darkmode #controlbar.hover_capable a:hover {
background-color: #888;
color: #ccc;
background-image: -webkit-linear-gradient(#888, #777);
}
body.darkmode #controlbar.hover_capable a.archivebutton:hover {
background-image: url('/images/icon_archive.png'), -webkit-linear-gradient(#888, #777);
}
body.darkmode #controlbar.hover_capable a.likebutton:hover {
background-image: url('/images/icon_like_off.png'), -webkit-linear-gradient(#888, #777);
}
body.darkmode #controlbar.hover_capable a.unlikebutton:hover {
background-image: url('/images/icon_like_on.png'), -webkit-linear-gradient(#888, #777);
}
body.darkmode #controlbar.hover_capable a.textcontrolsbutton:hover {
background-image: url('/images/icon_textcontrols.png'), -webkit-linear-gradient(#888, #777);
}
body.darkmode #controlbar.hover_capable a.actionsbutton:hover {
background-image: url('/images/icon_actions.png'), -webkit-linear-gradient(#888, #777);
}
</style>
<!--[if lt IE 9]>
<style type="text/css">
/* this is how I solve old-IE problems and nobody seems to mind */
#controlbar_container { display: none; }
</style>
<![endif]-->
<script type="text/javascript">
function createCookie(name,value,days) {
if (days) {
var date = new Date();
date.setTime(date.getTime()+(days*24*60*60*1000));
var expires = "; expires="+date.toGMTString();
}
else var expires = "";
document.cookie = name+"="+value+expires+"; path=/";
}
function readCookie(name) {
var nameEQ = name + "=";
var ca = document.cookie.split(';');
for(var i=0;i < ca.length;i++) {
var c = ca[i];
while (c.charAt(0)==' ') c = c.substring(1,c.length);
if (c.indexOf(nameEQ) == 0) return c.substring(nameEQ.length,c.length);
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return null;
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function ancestorOrSelfHasClass(node, className)
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var parent = node;
while (parent && parent != document.body && parent.nodeType != 9) {
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parent = parent.parentNode;
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function clearPopovers(event)
{
if (ancestorOrSelfHasClass(event.target, 'popover')) return;
var popovers = document.getElementsByClassName('popover');
for (var i = 0; i < popovers.length; i++) {
popovers[i].parentNode.removeChild(popovers[i]);
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}
function footnoteLinkTapped(event)
{
var link = event.target;
var fnid = link.href.substring(link.href.indexOf('#') + 1);
var target_fn = document.getElementById(fnid);
if (! target_fn) return true;
event.preventDefault();
event.stopPropagation();
clearPopovers(event);
var popoverWidth = Math.max(240, Math.floor(document.body.offsetWidth / 1.5));
var popoverX = link.offsetLeft;
var overflowRight = (popoverX + popoverWidth + 48 /* popover padding */) - document.body.offsetWidth;
if (overflowRight > 0) popoverX -= overflowRight;
var popover = document.createElement('div');
popover.setAttribute('class', 'popover');
popover.innerHTML = target_fn.innerHTML;
popover.style.top = (link.offsetTop + 20 /* popover top margin */) + 'px';
popover.style.left = popoverX + 'px';
popover.style.width = popoverWidth + 'px';
document.body.appendChild(popover);
}
function attachLinkListeners()
{
// Pull footnotes out of <sup> elements and remove any numbers or text in their ref links
var fnrefs = document.getElementsByClassName('ipfootnote_ref');
for (var i = 0; i < fnrefs.length; i++) {
fnrefs[i].innerHTML = '';
fnrefs[i].addEventListener('click', footnoteLinkTapped, false);
}
document.body.addEventListener('click', clearPopovers, false);
document.body.addEventListener('touchstart', clearPopovers, false);
// Cancel-click handlers
$('html').click(function() { $('.dropmenu').hide(); clearPopovers(event); event.stopPropagation(); });
// Remove hover-simulation and move onclick to ontouchstart for faster iOS responsiveness
if ('ontouchstart' in document) {
$('.hover_capable').removeClass('hover_capable');
$('html').each(function() {
this.ontouchstart = function(event){
if (ancestorOrSelfHasClass(event.target, 'popover')) return;
if (ancestorOrSelfHasClass(event.target, 'touchignore')) return;
$('.dropmenu').hide();
clearPopovers(event);
event.stopPropagation();
};
});
$('.dropmenu .button, .textcontrolsbutton, .archivebutton, .actionsbutton, .likebutton, .unlikebutton').each(function() {
this.ontouchstart = this.onclick;
this.onclick = null;
});
}
}
function changeTextSize(direction)
{
var currentSize = readCookie('iptsize');
if (! currentSize || ! (currentSize = parseInt(currentSize)) ) currentSize = 3;
currentSize += parseInt(direction);
if (currentSize < 1) currentSize = 1;
else if (currentSize > 7) currentSize = 7;
$('body').removeClass('size1mode size2mode size3mode size4mode size5mode size6mode size7mode').addClass('size' + currentSize + 'mode');
createCookie('iptsize', currentSize, 3650);
}
function selectFont(name)
{
$('body').removeClass('georgiamode verdanamode helveticamode').addClass(name + 'mode');
createCookie('iptfont', name + 'mode', 3650);
}
function selectColor(name)
{
$('body').removeClass('lightmode darkmode sepiamode').addClass(name + 'mode');
createCookie('iptcolor', name + 'mode', 3650);
}
function selectWidth(name)
{
$('body').removeClass('narrowmode medwidthmode widemode').addClass(name + 'mode');
createCookie('iptwidth', name + 'mode', 3650);
}
function dropMenu(cls)
{
var wasVisible = $('.' + cls).css('display') != 'none';
$('.dropmenu').hide();
if (! wasVisible) $('.' + cls).toggle();
}
function toggleLiked(btn)
{
if ($(btn).hasClass('likebutton')) {
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<title>The American West as you’ve never seen it before: Amazing
19th century pictures show the landscape as it was chartered for
the first time - Mail Online</title>
</head><body onload="attachLinkListeners();" onclick="$('.dropmenu').hide(); event.stopPropagation();" style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space; " class="logged_out size3mode lightmode medwidthmode georgiamode"><base href="http://www.instapaper.com/text?u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dailymail.co.uk%2Fnews%2Farticle-2149899%2FThe-American-West-youve-seen-Amazing-19th-century-pictures-landscape-chartered-time.html"><base href="http://www.instapaper.com/text?u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dailymail.co.uk%2Fnews%2Farticle-2149899%2FThe-American-West-youve-seen-Amazing-19th-century-pictures-landscape-chartered-time.html" class=""><div id="titlebar" class=""><h1 class="" style="font-size: 13px; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: Verdana, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; ">These are beautiful and bleak.</span><br></h1><div><br></div><div>Adam.</div><div><br></div><div>Source: <a href="http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2149899/The-American-West-youve-seen-Amazing-19th-century-pictures-landscape-chartered-time.html">http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2149899/The-American-West-youve-seen-Amazing-19th-century-pictures-landscape-chartered-time.html</a></div><h1 class="" style="font-size: 13px; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 24px; "><br></span></h1><h1 class="" style="font-size: 13px; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 24px; ">The American West as you’ve never seen it before: Amazing
19th century pictures show the landscape as it was chartered for
the first time - Mail Online</span><br></h1>
</div><div id="story" class=""><div class=""><div class=""><span style="font-size: 19px; line-height: 28px; " class="Apple-style-span">How the Wild West REALLY looked: Gorgeous sepia-tinted pictures
show the landscape as it was charted for the very first time</span><div class=""><div class=""><div class="">
<p class="">By Rob Cooper</p>
<p class=""><span class=""><strong class="">PUBLISHED:</strong>
09:11 EST, 25 May 2012</span></p>
<p class="">These remarkable 19th century sepia-tinted pictures show the
American West as you have never seen it before - as it was charted
for the first time.</p>
<p class="">The photos, by Timothy O’Sullivan, are the first ever taken of
the rocky and barren landscape.</p>
<p class="">At the time federal government officials were travelling across
Arizona, Nevada, Utah and the rest of the west as they sought to
uncover the land’s untapped natural resources.</p>
<div class=""><img src="http://i.dailymail.co.uk/i/pix/2012/05/25/article-2149899-134A65EC000005DC-239_964x659.jpg" alt="Breathtaking landscape: A view across the Shoshone Falls, Snake River, Idaho in 1874 as it was caught on camera by famous photographer Timothy O'Sullivan for the first time" class=""><p class="">Breathtaking landscape: A view across the
Shoshone Falls, Snake River, Idaho in 1874 as it was caught on
camera by photographer Timothy O’Sullivan during Lt. George M.
Wheeler’s survey west of the One Hundredth Meridian that lasted
from 1871 to 1874. Approximately 45 feet higher than the Niagara
falls of the U.S and Canada, the Shoshone Falls are sometimes
called the ‘Niagara of the West’. Before mass migration and
industrialisation of the west, the Bannock and Shoshone Indians
relied on the huge salmon stocks of the falls as a source of food.
And the John C. Fremont Expedition of 1843, one of the first
missions to encounter the falls reported that salmon could be
caught simply by throwing a spear into the water, such was the
stock<br class=""></p>
<div class=""><img src="http://i.dailymail.co.uk/i/pix/2012/05/25/article-2149899-134A66BC000005DC-671_964x666.jpg" alt="Land rising from the water: The Pyramid and Domes, a line of dome-shaped tufa rocks in Pyramid Lake, Nevada, seen on camera for the first time ever in 1867" class=""><p class="">Land rising from the water: The Pyramid and
Domes, a line of dome-shaped tufa rocks in Pyramid Lake, Nevada
photographed in 1867. Taken as part of Clarence King’s Geological
Exploration of the Fortieth Parallel, O’Sullivan’s mesmerising
pictures of the other-wordly rock formations at Pyramid Lake
committed the sacred native American Indian site to camera for the
first time</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class=""><img src="http://i.dailymail.co.uk/i/pix/2012/05/25/article-2149899-134B3B7D000005DC-466_472x559.jpg" alt="Famous photographer: Timothy O'Sullivan who took the first ever pictures of the Wild West" class=""><p class="">Famous photographer: Timothy O’Sullivan
whose childhood and background are the subject of debate among
photographic scholar was of Irish ancestry. It is known that as a
teenager he worked in the studio of the legendary 19th century
photographer Mathew Brady, who is seen as the father of
photo-journalism. A veteran of the American Civil War in its first
year, O’Sullivan turned his hand to photographing the horrors of
war in during the final three years of the conflict before setting
out on his cross-continental expeditions.</p>
</div>
<p class="">Timothy O’Sullivan, who used a box camera, worked with the
Government teams as they explored the land. He had earlier covered
the U.S. Civil War and was one of the most famous photographers of
the 19th century.</p>
<p class="">He also took pictures of the Native American population for the
first time as a team of artists, photographers, scientists and
soldiers explored the land in the 1860s and 1870s.</p>
<p class="">The images of the landscape were remarkable - because the
majority of people at the time would not have known they were there
or have ever had a chance to see it for themselves.<br class=""></p>
<p class="">O’Sullivan died from tuberculosis at the age of 42 in 1882 -
just years after the project had finished .<br class=""></p>
<p class="">He carted a dark room wagon around the Wild West on horseback so
that he could develop his images. He spent seven years exploring
the landscape and thousands of pictures have survived from his
travels.</p>
<p class="">The project was designed to attract settlers to the largely
uninhabited region.</p>
<p class="">O’Sullivan used a primitive wet plate box camera which he would
have to spend several minutes setting up every time he wanted to
take a photograph.</p>
<p class="">He would have to assemble the device on a tripod, coat a glass
plate with collodion - a flammable solution. The glass would then
be put in a holder before being inserted into a camera.</p>
<p class="">After a few seconds exposure, he would rush the plate to his
dark room wagon and cover it in chemicals to begin the development
process.<br class=""></p>
<p class="">Considered one of the forerunners to Ansel Adams, Timothy
O’Sullivan is a hero to other photographers according to
the <a href="http://www.tucsonweekly.com/tucson/the-life-of-timothy-h-osullivan/Content?oid=1071872" rel="nofollow" class="">Tucson Weekly</a><span class="">.</span></p>
<p class="">‘Most of the photographers sent to document the West’s native
peoples and its geologic formations tried to make this strange new
land accessible, even picturesque,’ said Keith McElroy a history of
photography professor in Tucson.</p>
<p class="">‘Not O’Sullivan.<br class=""></p>
<p class="">‘At a time when Manifest Destiny demanded that Americans conquer
the land, he pictured a West that was forbidding and
inhospitable.<br class=""></p>
<p class="">‘With an almost modern sensibility, he made humans and their
works insignificant.<br class=""></p>
<p class="">‘His photographs picture scenes, like a flimsy boat helpless
against the dark shadows of Black Canyon, or explorers almost
swallowed up by the crevices of Canyon de Chelly.’<br class=""></p>
<div class=""><img src="http://i.dailymail.co.uk/i/pix/2012/05/25/article-2149899-134A66FD000005DC-372_964x668.jpg" alt="Native Americans: The Pah-Ute (Paiute) Indian group, near Cedar, Utah in a picture from 1872. Government officials were chartering the land for the first time" class=""><p class="">Native Americans: The Pah-Ute (Paiute)
Indian group, near Cedar, Utah in a picture from 1872. Government
officials were chartering the land for the first time as part of
Lt. George M. Wheeler’s survey west of the One Hundredth Meridian
which O’Sullivan accompanied the Lieutenant on. During this
expedition O’Sullivan nearly drowned in the Truckee River (which
runs from Lake Tahoe to Pyramid Lake, located in northwestern
Nevada) when his boat got jammed against rocks.<br class=""></p>
<div class=""><img src="http://i.dailymail.co.uk/i/pix/2012/05/25/article-2149899-134A66E8000005DC-487_964x617.jpg" alt="Breathtaking: Twin buttes stand near Green River City, Wyoming, photographed in 1872" class=""><p class="">Breathtaking: Twin buttes stand near Green
River City, Wyoming, photographed in 1872 four years after settlers
made the river basin their home. Green River and its distinctive
twin rock formations that stand over the horizon was supposed to
the site of a division point for the Union Pacific Railroad, but
when the engineers arrived they were shocked to find that the area
had been settled and so had to move the railroad west 12 miles to
Bryan, Wyoming.</p>
</div>
<div class=""><img src="http://i.dailymail.co.uk/i/pix/2012/05/25/article-2149899-134A66DC000005DC-252_964x642.jpg" alt="19th century housing: Members of Clarence King's Fortieth Parallel Survey team explore the land near Oreana, Nevada, in 1867" class=""><p class="">19th century housing: Members of Clarence
King’s Fortieth Parallel Survey team explore the land near Oreana,
Nevada, in 1867. Clarence King was a 25-year-old Yale graduate, who
hired Irish tough guy O’Sullivan for his Geological Exploration of
the Fortieth Parallel. Funded by the War Department, the plan was
to survey the unexplored territory that lay between the California
Sierras and the Rockies, with a view toward finding a good place to
lay railroad tracks while also looking for mining possibilities and
assessing the level of Indian hostility in the area.<br class=""></p>
</div>
<div class=""><img src="http://i.dailymail.co.uk/i/pix/2012/05/25/article-2149899-134A66A0000005DC-664_964x703.jpg" alt="Incredible: Tents can be seen (bottom, centre) at a point known as Camp Beauty close to canyon walls in Canyon de Chelly National Monument, Arizona. Photographed in 1873" class=""><p class="">Incredible: Tents can be seen (bottom,
centre) at a point known as Camp Beauty close to canyon walls in
Canyon de Chelly National Monument, Arizona. Photographed in 1873
and situated in northeastern Arizona, the area is one of the
longest continuously inhabited landscapes in North American and
holds preserved ruins of early indigenous people’s such as The
Anasazi and Navajo.</p>
</div>
<div class=""><img src="http://i.dailymail.co.uk/i/pix/2012/05/25/article-2149899-134A6675000005DC-288_964x664.jpg" alt="On this rock I build a church: Old Mission Church, Zuni Pueblo, New Mexico pictured in 1873" class=""><p class="">On this rock I build a church: Old Mission
Church, Zuni Pueblo, New Mexico pictured in 1873 where the Zuni
people of North have lived for millennia. O’Sullivan was famous for
not trying to romanticise the native American plight or way of life
in his photographs and instead of asking them to wear tribal dress
was happy to photograph them wearing denim jeans.</p>
</div>
<div class="">
<div class=""><img src="http://i.dailymail.co.uk/i/pix/2012/05/25/article-2149899-134A664D000005DC-860_964x589.jpg" alt="Boat crew of the " class=""><p class="">9. Native Americans: Boat crew of the
‘Picture’ at Diamond Creek. Photo shows photographer Timothy
O’Sullivan, fourth from left, with fellow members of the Wheeler
survey and Native Americans, following ascent of the Colorado River
through the Black Canyon in 1871. O’Sullivans work during Lt.
George M. Wheeler’s survey west of the One Hundredth Meridian in
Black Canyon has been called some of the greatest photography of
the 19th century and a clear inspiration for that other great
American photographer Ansel Adams.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class=""><img src="http://i.dailymail.co.uk/i/pix/2012/05/25/article-2149899-134A662B000005DC-31_964x653.jpg" alt="Landscape: Browns Park, Colorado, as seen by Timothy O'Sullivan in 1872 as he chartered the landscape for the first time" class=""><p class="">Landscape: Browns Park, Colorado, as seen
by Timothy O’Sullivan in 1872 as he chartered the landscape for the
first time. Historians have noted that even though the photographer
had become a more-than-experienced explorer at this point, the
ordeals of the Wheeler survey tested him to the extremes of his
endurance<br class=""></p>
</div>
<div class=""><img src="http://i.dailymail.co.uk/i/pix/2012/05/25/article-2149899-134A65AB000005DC-355_964x671.jpg" alt="Rockies: A man sits on a shore beside the Colorado River in Iceberg Canyon, on the border of Mojave County, Arizona, and Clark County, Nevada in 1871" class=""><p class="">Rockies: A man sits on a shore beside the
Colorado River in Iceberg Canyon, on the border of Mojave County,
Arizona, and Clark County, Nevada in 1871 during the Wheeler
expedition. Lieutenant Wheeler insisted that the team explore the
Colorado River by going upstream into the Grand Canyon—apparently
to beat a rival, who had first gone downriver in 1869. There was no
particular scientific reason to do the trip backward.<br class=""></p>
</div>
<div class=""><img src="http://i.dailymail.co.uk/i/pix/2012/05/25/article-2149899-134A6571000005DC-222_964x593.jpg" alt="Barren: Timothy O'Sullivan's darkroom wagon is pulled across the Carson Sink, part of Nevada's Carson Desert in 1867" class=""><p class="">Timothy O’Sullivan’s darkroom wagon, pulled
by four mules, entered the frame at the right side of the
photograph, reached the center of the image, and abruptly U-turned,
heading back out of the frame. Footprints leading from the wagon
toward the camera reveal the photographer’s path. Made at the
Carson Sink in Nevada, this image of shifting sand dunes reveals
the patterns of tracks recently reconfigured by the wind. The
wagon’s striking presence in this otherwise barren scene dramatises
the pioneering experience of exploration and discovery in the wide,
uncharted landscapes of the American West.</p>
</div>
<div class=""><img src="http://i.dailymail.co.uk/i/pix/2012/05/25/article-2149899-134A6554000005DC-995_964x679.jpg" alt="Industrial revolution: The mining town of Gold Hill, just south of Virginia City, Nevada, in 1867" class=""><p class="">Industrial revolution: The mining town of
Gold Hill, just south of Virginia City, Nevada, in 1867 was town
whose prosperity was preserved by mining a rare silver ore called
Comstock Lode. On the United States Geological Exploration of the
Fortieth Parallel, Clarence King insisted that his men dress for
dinner every evening and speak French, and O’Sullivan had no
difficulty fitting in.</p>
</div>
<div class=""><img src="http://i.dailymail.co.uk/i/pix/2012/05/25/article-2149899-134A6539000005DC-963_964x647.jpg" alt="Early rails: A wooden balanced incline used for gold mining, at the Illinois Mine in the Pahranagat Mining District, Nevada in 1871. An ore car would ride on parallel tracks connected to a pulley wheel at the top of tracks" class=""><p class="">Early rails: A wooden balanced incline used
for gold mining, at the Illinois Mine in the Pahranagat Mining
District, Nevada in 1871. An ore car would ride on parallel tracks
connected to a pulley wheel at the top of tracks. Because of his
work in U.S Civil War of 1861 to 1865, the organisers of the two
geological surveys that he photographed knew that O’Sullivan was
made of stern stuff and therefore could cope with the rigors of
life outdoors far from home</p>
</div>
<div class=""><img src="http://i.dailymail.co.uk/i/pix/2012/05/25/article-2149899-134A6522000005DC-347_964x744.jpg" alt="Silver mining: Here photographer Keith O'Sullivan documents the actvities of the Savage and the Gould and Curry mines in Virginia City, Nevada, in 1867" class=""><p class="">Silver mining: Here photographer Timothy
O’Sullivan documents the actvities of the Savage and the Gould and
Curry mines in Virginia City, Nevada, in 1867 900ft underground,
lit by an improvised flash — a burning magnesium wire, O’Sullivan
photographed the miners in tunnels, shafts, and lifts. During the
winter of 1867-68, in Virginia City, Nevada, he took the first
underground mining pictures in America. Deep in mines where
temperatures reached 130 degrees, O’Sullivan took pictures by the
light of magnesium wire in difficult circumstances</p>
</div>
<div class=""><img src="http://i.dailymail.co.uk/i/pix/2012/05/25/article-2149899-134A6512000005DC-284_964x683.jpg" alt="Untouched landscape: The head of Canyon de Chelly, looking past walls that rise some 1,200 feet above the canyon floor, in Arizona in 1873" class=""><br class=""><p class="">Untouched landscape: The head of Canyon de
Chelly, looking past walls that rise some 1,200 feet above the
canyon floor, in Arizona in 1873. Inspiring millions of amateur
photographers, O’Sullivan’s first pivotal Canyon de Chelly
pictures, with his views of Indian life and his New Mexican
churches are now the archetypal images of Arizona<br class=""></p>
</div>
<div class=""><img src="http://i.dailymail.co.uk/i/pix/2012/05/25/article-2149899-134A6502000005DC-739_964x631.jpg" alt="Barren: Two men sit looking at headlands north of the Colorado River Plateau in 1872" class=""><br class=""><p class="">Barren: Two men sit looking at headlands
north of the Colorado River Plateau in 1872. As they sailed
upstream into the Grand Canyon, the team commanded by Lieutenant
Wheeler used three boats and O’Sullivan commanded one named
‘Picture’. During the voyage, ‘Picture’ was lost along with
hundreds of O’Sullivan’s negatives and food</p>
</div>
<div class=""><img src="http://i.dailymail.co.uk/i/pix/2012/05/25/article-2149899-134A64F1000005DC-367_964x554.jpg" alt="Portrait: Native American (Paiute) men, women and children pose for a picture near a tree. The picture is thought to have been taken in Cottonwood Springs (Washoe County), Nevada, in 1875" class=""><p class="">Portrait: Native American (Paiute) men,
women and children pose for a picture near a tree. The picture is
thought to have been taken in Cottonwood Springs (Washoe County),
Nevada, in 1875. Known for his dispassionate views towards native
Americans on his travels, O’Sullivan was more interested in
photographing the true lifestyles of the indigenous people and not
a preconceived image that those back east had. Never asking any
native American to change his or her dress, O’Sullivan’s portraits
are noted for their simplicity and truth</p>
</div>
<div class=""><img src="http://i.dailymail.co.uk/i/pix/2012/05/25/article-2149899-134A64DA000005DC-663_964x681.jpg" alt="Natural U.S. landscape: The junction of Green and Yampah Canyons, in Utah, in 1872" class=""><p class="">Natural U.S. landscape: The junction of
Green and Yampah Canyons, in Utah, in 1872. O’Sullivan has been
described as the right person who was there at the right time as he
managed to document the re-birth of the nation through war in the
early 1860’s and then managed to be at the nexus of the great wave
of exploration and migration westwards as the United States assumed
what it thought to be its manifest destiny</p>
</div>
<div class=""><img src="http://i.dailymail.co.uk/i/pix/2012/05/25/article-2149899-134A64C2000005DC-709_964x556.jpg" alt="An earlier visitor" class=""><p class="">An earlier visitor: Nearly 150 years ago,
photographer O’Sullivan came across this evidence of a visitor to
the West that preceded his own expedition by another 150 years - A
Spanish inscription from 1726. This close-up view of the
inscription carved in the sandstone at Inscription Rock (El Morro
National Monument), New Mexico reads, in English: “By this place
passed Ensign Don Joseph de Payba Basconzelos, in the year in which
he held the Council of the Kingdom at his expense, on the 18th of
February, in the year 1726”<br class=""></p>
</div>
<div class=""><img src="http://i.dailymail.co.uk/i/pix/2012/05/25/article-2149899-134A64A8000005DC-641_964x718.jpg" alt="Insight: Aboriginal life among the Navajo Indians. Near old Fort Defiance, New Mexico, in 1873" class=""><p class="">Insight: Aboriginal life among the Navajo
Indians. Near old Fort Defiance, New Mexico, in 1873. With this
simple picture of the Navajo Indians, O’Sullivan managed to capture
the domesticity of a dying people as wave after wave of migration
snuffed out their way of life. It is noticeable that there is
nothing romantic about the pictures and one profile of Timothy
O’Sullivan described these scenes as of ‘a defeated people trying
their best to put back together a life.’</p>
</div>
<div class=""><img src="http://i.dailymail.co.uk/i/pix/2012/05/25/article-2149899-134A648E000005DC-868_964x653.jpg" alt="Incredible backdrop: The Canyon of Lodore, Colorado, in 1872" class=""><p class="">Incredible backdrop: The Canyon of Lodore,
Colorado, in 1872. After O’Sullivan spent one last season with
Clarence King in 1872, he returned back to Washington D.C to marry
Laura Pywell in E Street Baptist Church, although his parents
thoughts on this non-Catholic marriage went unrecorded</p>
</div>
<div class=""><img src="http://i.dailymail.co.uk/i/pix/2012/05/25/article-2149899-134A645F000005DC-764_964x861.jpg" alt="View of the White House, Ancestral Pueblo Native American (Anasazi) ruins in Canyon de Chelly, Arizona, in 1873" class=""><br class=""><p class="">Settlement: View of the White House,
Ancestral Pueblo Native American (Anasazi) ruins in Canyon de
Chelly, Arizona, in 1873. The cliff dwellings were built by the
Anasazi more than 500 years earlier. At the bottom, men stand and
pose on cliff dwellings in a niche and on ruins on the canyon
floor. Climbing ropes connect the groups of men. Anthropologists
and archeologists place the Anasazi peoples of Native American
culture on the continent from the 12th Century BC. Their unique
architecture incorporated ‘Great Houses’ which averaged up to 200
rooms and could take in up to 700<br class=""></p>
</div>
<div class=""><img src="http://i.dailymail.co.uk/i/pix/2012/05/25/article-2149899-134A6426000005DC-453_964x617.jpg" alt="Sailing away: The Nettie, an expedition boat on the Truckee River, western Nevada, in 1867" class=""><p class="">Sailing away: The Nettie, an expedition
boat on the Truckee River, western Nevada, in 1867. This was the
river that O’Sullivan almost died in and according to the magazine
Harper’s ‘Being a swimmer of no ordinary power, he succeeded in
reaching the shore… he was carried a hundred yards down the
rapids…The sharp rocks…had so cut and bruised his body that he
was glad to crawl into the brier tangle that fringed the river’s
brink.’ He is also supposed to to have lost three hundred dollars
worth of gold pieces during the accident too</p>
</div>
<div class=""><img src="http://i.dailymail.co.uk/i/pix/2012/05/25/article-2149899-134A63FF000005DC-691_964x690.jpg" alt="Taking a dip: A man bathing in Pagosa Hot Spring, Colorado, in 1874" class=""><br class=""><p class="">Taking a dip: A man bathing in Pagosa Hot
Spring, Colorado, in 1874. Coming to the end of his adventures,
O’Sullivan returned to Washington to live with his wife Laura and
worked as a commercial photographer for Lieutenant Wheeler. In
1876, he buried his only child who was stillborn and it is thought
that O’Sullivan buried the baby himself.</p>
</div>
<div class=""><img src="http://i.dailymail.co.uk/i/pix/2012/05/25/article-2149899-134A63DA000005DC-900_964x638.jpg" alt="A man sits in a wooden boat with a mast on the edge of the Colorado River in the Black Canyon, Mojave County, Arizona" class=""><p class="">A man sits in a wooden boat with a mast on
the edge of the Colorado River in the Black Canyon, Mojave County,
Arizona. Photo taken in 1871, from an expedition camp, looking
upstream. At this time, photographer Timothy O’Sullivan was working
as a military photographer for Lt. George Montague Wheeler’s U.S.
Geographical Surveys West of the One Hundredth Meridian.<br class=""></p>
</div>
<div class=""><img src="http://i.dailymail.co.uk/i/pix/2012/05/25/article-2149899-134A63C1000005DC-917_964x874.jpg" alt="Native: Maiman, a Mojave Indian, guide and interpreter during a portion of the season in the Colorado country, in 1871" class=""><br class=""><p class="">Native: Maiman, a Mojave Indian, guide and
interpreter during a portion of the season in the Colorado country,
in 1871. It has been observed that 30 years before Edward S Curtis
began his famous study of native American’s dying way of life,
O’Sullivan was working without prejudice within the field of his
photographic art. Trying to capture the everyday aspects of life
for the indigenous people’s of North America, O’Sullivan did not
use a studio to capture imagery of native Americans, like many
other photographers were at the time</p>
</div>
<div class=""><img src="http://i.dailymail.co.uk/i/pix/2012/05/25/article-2149899-134A63B6000005DC-622_964x578.jpg" alt="Valley view: Alta City, Little Cottonwood, Utah, in 1873 " class=""><br class=""><p class="">Valley view: Alta City, Little Cottonwood,
Utah, in 1873. O’Sullivan’s amazing eye and work ethic allowed him
to compose photographs that evoked the vastness of the West that
future generations would come to recognise in the work of Ansel
Adams and in the films of John Houston<br class=""></p>
</div>
<div class=""><img src="http://i.dailymail.co.uk/i/pix/2012/05/25/article-2149899-134A63A2000005DC-508_964x598.jpg" alt="Remarkable landscape: Cathedral Mesa, Colorado River, Arizona in 1871" class=""><p class="">Remarkable landscape: Cathedral Mesa,
Colorado River, Arizona in 1871. O’Sullivan’s second expedition
employer, Lieutenant George Wheeler, ‘was just interested in
knowing what kind of fuss the Indians would put up,’ according to a
profile in the Tucson Weekly and the photographs were used to
grease the wheels of expansion westwards</p>
</div>
<div class=""><img src="http://i.dailymail.co.uk/i/pix/2012/05/25/article-2149899-134A638A000005DC-736_964x672.jpg" alt="Mountains: Big Cottonwood Canyon, Utah, in 1869. A man can be seen with his horse at the bottom near the bridge (right)" class=""><p class="">Mountains: Big Cottonwood Canyon, Utah, in
1869. A man can be seen with his horse at the bottom near the
bridge (right). As people in the east came to see O’Sullivan’s
photographs the legend of the pioneering west as a land of
limitless opportunity even for Americans came to form.<br class=""></p>
</div>
<div class=""><img src="http://i.dailymail.co.uk/i/pix/2012/05/25/article-2149899-134A6372000005DC-843_964x619.jpg" alt="Rock formations in the Washakie Badlands, Wyoming, in 1872. A survey member stands at lower right for scale" class=""><p class="">Rock formations in the Washakie Badlands,
Wyoming, in 1872. A survey member stands at lower right for scale.
Tragically, O’Sullivan’s health declined after the death of his boy
and he contracted tuberculosis. His wife Laura died from the same
disease in 1881.<br class=""></p>
</div>
<div class=""><img src="http://i.dailymail.co.uk/i/pix/2012/05/25/article-2149899-134A6354000005DC-966_964x566.jpg" alt="Tree-mendous: Oak Grove, White Mountains, Sierra Blanca, Arizona in 1873" class=""><p class="">Tree-mendous: Oak Grove, White Mountains,
Sierra Blanca, Arizona in 1873. In 1881, O’Sullivan returned to his
parent’s home in Staten Island where he died from tuberculosis.
Seen as an irony as he had survived some of the most inhospitable
conditions known to man beforehand, such as Death valley and the
Grand Canyon</p>
</div>
<div class=""><img src="http://i.dailymail.co.uk/i/pix/2012/05/25/article-2149899-134A6332000005DC-853_964x608.jpg" alt="Shoshone Falls, Idaho near present-day Twin Falls, Idaho, is 212 feet high, and flows over a rim 1,000 feet wide. it is pictured in 1868" class=""><p class="">Shoshone Falls, Idaho near present-day Twin
Falls, Idaho, is 212 feet high, and flows over a rim 1,000 feet
wide. it is pictured in 1868. These were some of the first iconic
pictures of the western expeditions that O’Sullivan took on the
United States Geological Exploration of the Fortieth Parallel. They
were also one of the last places he photographed before he returned
home to the East Coast and Washington D.C</p>
</div>
<div class=""><img src="http://i.dailymail.co.uk/i/pix/2012/05/25/article-2149899-134A630F000005DC-265_964x683.jpg" alt="The south side of Inscription Rock (now El Morro National Monument), in New Mexico in 1873. Note the small figure of a man standing at bottom center." class=""><p class="">Rocky: The south side of Inscription Rock
(now El Morro National Monument), in New Mexico in 1873. The
prominent feature stands near a small pool of water, and has been a
resting place for travellers for centuries. Since at least the 17th
century, natives, Europeans, and later American pioneers carved
names and messages into the rock face as they paused. In 1906, a
law was passed, prohibiting further carving.</p>
</div>
<div class=""><img src="http://i.dailymail.co.uk/i/pix/2012/05/25/article-2149899-134A6217000005DC-816_964x651.jpg" alt="Very plain landscape: A distant view of Santa Fe, New Mexico in 1873" class=""><p class="">Very plain landscape: A distant view of
Santa Fe, New Mexico in 1873. Santa Fe is one of the oldest
continually inhabited places in North America. Thought to have been
settled by native American’s in around 1050 AD, the city has grown
into one of the most prosperous in New Mexico and the Southwestern
United States.</p></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></body></html>